How To Deal With GASTRITIS In Dogs

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This is Ajay Kumar Pala Sharing my views on gastritis

What Is Gastritis?

GASTRITIS is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach in monogastric animals like dog characterised by vomitions
Clinically, loss of weight physically increased HCl production chemically it accompanies with enteritis ( diarrhoea). Not challenging, but
Animals have major rate of the problem with gastritis .once in life, every pet will face this situation!

Aetiology

Remember gastritis has so many causes , Pet need your care intensively

• Food allergy: reaction of food antigen with IgE antibody;
• PICA
• Spoiled food
• decomposed food
• dirty drinking water
• mainly food at irregular intervals
• Bad teeth with improper mastication
• Overfeeding
• inferior quality feeding
• ingestion of foreign bodies
• ingestion of poisonous plants
• Too much stress and strain ( psychosomatic )
• Virus: ICH and CD and Parvo
• Bacteria : E.coli,salmonella, leptospira
• Fungal : mycotoxins
• Parasite : Toxocara,paramphistomes
• Secondary gastritis: urinary or liver infections
• breed predisposition: basenji, lunderhund
• Strong acid and alkali
• Ingestion of too cold or hot water
• NSAIDs
• ingestion of herbicide and rodenticides too
• ingestion of irritant chemicals like As, Cu or Phenol
  

Don’t Share Your Food With Pet, Provide them Pet Food

Most of human food is not compatable with dogs

Pathogenesis:

• Inhibition of parasympathetic tone
• Reverse diffusion of ions(H+ , Na+) in the lumen of stomach sets up gastritis.
• Vasoactive mediators like cytokines and oxygen free radicals histamine thromboxane cause exfoliation of the mucosa.
• Sometimes hypersecretion and hypermotility occur so variations depend on causative factors.

Clinical Signs:

It is of two types :

Acute:

• Anorexia
• Intensive thirst
• Dehydration which leads to muscle flaccidity and weakness.
• Vomitions more frequent with blood or mucous
• Retching
• Pain over the epigastric region on deep palpation
• Toxaemic signs – dehydration, may lead to death
• Coated tongue with dirty material
• Salivation
• The belly is kept flat on the floor
• Alkalosis and results in rapid breathing
• In some cases tetany also seen

Chronic:

• Incomplete digestion
• Anaemia
• Aerophagia
• Vomitions may be rancid odour
• Vomition after intake of food
• Vomition contain more mucous and worms
• Liver Failure (chronic hepatitis & cholecystitis)
• Kidney failure

Diagnosis

• Examine vomitus pH
• History
• Clinical signs
• Endoscopy
• Radiography
• Faecal examination
• Packed Cell Volume (PCV)
• Skin Tenting Time (STT) & Capillary Refilling Time (CRT) for dehydration status
• Differential Leukocyte Count (DLC)
• vomitus:-
  Blood – haematemesis
  Green – pseudomonas yellowish-green – excess bile secretion
• pH  – acidic and stains floor
• Temperature is high if the infection is present
• Liver function test(LFT) & Kidney function test(KFT) also advised based on condition

Gastric cytology:-

• High Neutrophils – Bacterial Infection
• Low Leucocytes – Viral Infection
• High Eosinophils – Parasitic Infestation

Differential diagnosis :

• Vomitions immediately after intake of food – worm burden
• Vomitions after 30 minutes of meal – indigestion

Treatment:

Acute:

• Withheld food for 12 hours
• Give oral electrolytes
• Provide cool water and allowed to lick iceblocks
• Gastric sedatives like triple carb 1 T.S.F Q.I.D for 7 days
• Fluid therapy like DNS and RL, Pedialyte suspensions
• Spasmolytics like dicyclomine
• Antiemetics: Perinorm Vomikind Alphamet
• Antacids: Ranitidine or Pantoprazole or Omeprazole or Cimetidine or Famotidine
• Domperidone or Cisapride also advisable.
• Antibiotics like Gentamycin or Amoxicillin.
• Vit.B complex to improve appetite and GI tone

Chronic

• Antihelminthics
• Antacids
• Iron preparations to counter anaemia
• Bland food should be followed ( little quantity diet at more intervals
• Antibiotic Therapy
• B-Complex Therapy

Doses:-

DNS

Degree of Dehydration	Fluid Loss	Fluid Requirement(ml/kg)
Mild dehydration	4-6%	25
Moderate dehydration	6-8%	50
Severe dehydration	8-10%	75
Very Severe dehydration	10-12%	100

• dicyclomine 10mg/ kg
• metoclopramide 0.2-0.4mg/kg
• ondansetron 0.5-1mg/kg
• gentamycin 4mg/kg
• amoxycillin 10mg/kg
• ranitidine 0.5-1 mg/kg
• omeprazole 0.7-1 mg/ kg
• inj.B complex 1ml/ 10 kg

Conclusion :

The stomach takes much time for healing and regeneration. So, it’s better not only to follow regular deworming & vaccination but also to follow regular pet diet.